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One of the elegant aspects of law is that it enables society to apply simple but robust rules to complex phenomena.'Although lawyers are not doctors, 2 they are often required to distill simple and essential facts from complex medical phenomena to apply rules of law to resolve disputes between parties. Similarly, although legislators are not doctors, their regulatory schema and legislative prescriptions affect medical research. This process has the power to retard or support the progress of medical innovation. Recent advances in computer science and genetic research have made certain medical phenomena more complex, yet more promising. A group of new innovations-CRISPR, immunotherapy, and artificial intelligence-has been touted as fundamentally changing the nature of medicine. Whether these claims will turn out to be true is not for us to answer here. Instead, this article hopes to demonstrate both that none …