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Whether it is climate change, food security, or health, humanity faces challenges that cannot be solved by a single country. As the Covid-19 pandemic exemplified, many threats transcend national borders and require scientific collaboration among countries. The urgent need to address global challenges is damaged today by the deteriorating political relationship between China and the United States, with serious effects on science collaboration. Joint scientific work between the two countries is declining: the number of joint research projects that result in co-authored publications and scientific exchanges of scientists and students are trending down. Even long-standing collaborations risk fracturing with today’s deteriorating political climate. And the US–China Science and Technology (S&T) Cooperation Agreement, which fosters collaboration between the two countries and has been routinely approved for nearly 45 …