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Natural language has historically been integral to the study of personality. Yet research on how personality is revealed through language use has only recently gained momentum. This chapter reviews research on how different aspects of personality are manifested in the way people use words. The chapter provides the conceptual foundation for research on linguistic markers of personality, discusses the psychometric properties of natural word use, and summarizes findings on how the Big Five personality dimensions (extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, conscientiousness, and openness), trait emotionality (trait negativity, trait anger, and trait positivity), and psychopathology-related personality traits (Type A, depression, narcissism, and Machiavellianism) are linked to patterns of word use. With progress in stationary and mobile computing technology and parallel advances in computational linguistics, the field is bound to experience strong growth over the next years.