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Attribute reduction is a basic issue in knowledge representation and data mining. This paper deals with attribute reduction in incomplete information systems and incomplete decision systems based on Dempster–Shafer theory of evidence. The concepts of plausibility reduct and belief reduct in incomplete information systems as well as relative plausibility reduct and relative belief reduct in incomplete decision systems are introduced. It is shown that in an incomplete information system an attribute set is a belief reduct if and only if it is a classical reduct and a plausibility consistent set must be a classical consistent set. In a consistent incomplete decision system, the concepts of relative reduct, relative plausibility reduct, and relative belief reduct are all equivalent. In an inconsistent incomplete decision system, an attribute set is a relative plausibility reduct if and only if it is a relative reduct, a plausibility consistent set …