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The sheer traffic increase stimulated by new 5G-and-beyond services requires continuous innovation in designing optical networks that scale in terms of capacity while minimizing equipment cost and ensuring lightpath quality-of-transmission (QoT). Multiband transmission is among the most prominent solutions for addressing capacity needs and consists of extending the transmission spectrum, e.g., to the (C+L)-band. Multiband transmission poses new challenges, mainly due to physical layer impairments such as interchannel stimulated Raman scattering, which causes power transfer among transmission bands with a consequent degradation in lightpaths’ QoT. To mitigate such degradation, we investigate how to introduce hybrid erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)/Raman amplification (HFA) by selectively upgrading an initial EDFA placement in the network. We propose a genetic algorithm approach to optimize …