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The state and development of the national economy depend on the sustainable development of transport. Increasing productivity of the economy branches determines the formation of the basis for achieving sustainable development for both states and individual territories. The aim of this investigation is an optimizing of activity of transport system of Ukraine, to develop international cooperation between Ukraine and European Union in the field of introduction of innovation technologies on transport. The authors examine the condition of Ukraine’s transport system, its production activities, and, in particular, the perspectives of introduction of innovative technologies in national transport system. A set of measures for economic stimulating the transport system has been offered. The state of the Ukrainian transport infrastructure has been analyzed and the possibilities of introduction of transport innovations, which are successful in the European Union, have been revealed.