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Tested the hypothesis that restrained eaters overindulge when experiencing emotional arousal. A dysphoric or nondysphoric mood was induced in 104 normal-weight female college students who had completed the Restraint Scale. Ss completed a bogus" culture-free intelligence test" that consisted of either unsolvable problems (dysphoric mood condition) or solvable problems (nondysphoric mood condition). Mood was measured by the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List. After the mood induction, Ss' cracker consumption was measured in a taste test. Consistent with restraint theory's prediction, the results revealed a significant Restraint by Mood interaction, with restrained eaters eating more when in a dysphoric than in a nondysphoric mood, and unrestrained eaters consuming similar amounts in both mood states. The predictive powers of 2 subscales of the Restraint Scale, Weight Fluctuation (WF) and Concern …