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Estimation of suspended sediment concentration carried by a river is very important for many water resources projects. The accuracy of artificial neural networks (ANN) with artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is investigated in this paper for modeling discharge-suspended sediment relationship. The ANN–ABC was compared with those of the neural differential evolution, adaptive neuro-fuzzy, neural networks and rating curve models. The daily stream flow and suspended sediment concentration data from two stations, Rio Valenciano Station and Quebrada Blanca Station, were used as case studies. For evaluating the ability of the models, mean square error and determination coefficient criteria were used. Comparison results showed that the ANN–ABC was able to produce better results than the neural differential evolution, neuro-fuzzy, neural networks and rating curve models. The logarithm transformed data were …