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Many countries are now using or investigating offshore geological storage of CO₂ as a means to reduce atmospheric CO₂ emissions. Although associated research often focuses on deep-basin geology (e.g. seismic, geomagnetics), environmental data on the seabed and shallow subseabed is also crucial to (1) detect and characterise potential indicators of fluid seeps and their potential connectivity to targeted storage reserves, (2) obtain baseline environmental data for use in future monitoring, and (3) acquire information to facilitate an improved understanding of ecosystem processes for use in impact prediction. This study reviews the environmental considerations, including potential ecological impacts, associated with subseabed geological storage of CO₂. Due to natural variations in CO₂ levels in seafloor sediments, baseline CO₂ measurements and knowledge of physical–chemical processes affecting the …