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Controlling for postintervention variable measures (including postintervention measures of outcome variables), which can be affected by the intervention, is widespread in conservation literature. These other interventions should not be controlled for because doing so would block the impact of the conservation intervention of interest that occurred through these mechanisms and would bias the estimator of the intervention's impact. Keywords: causal inference; impact evaluation; mechanism; selection; study design EN causal inference impact evaluation mechanism selection study design 1 3 3 12/01/22 20221201 NES 221201 The latest decade has seen an increase in the number of conservation researchers using causal inference study designs to strengthen evidence about the impacts of conservation interventions on environmental and social outcomes.[Extracted from the article]

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