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Accountability may be the most fundamental factor in organizing and organizations, while at the same time the most underinvestigated or conceptualized. As such, it is appropriate to define the concept, review the relevant technical literature, and to model it toward a general theory of accountability. Toward this end, definitional issues are addressed, and the contemporary literature on accountability is reviewed and organized. A framework is presented as a conceptual and analytical device that not only relates the relevant constructs, conceptualizations, models, and theories of accountability, but also extends our perspectives in advancing toward a more complete theory of accountability. The view is applied to human resources management and organizational issues by way of sample propositions, an illustrative problematic, and implications for research and practice.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all …