Authors
Thomas J Immel, Scott L England, Brian J Harding, Yen-Jung Wu, Astrid Maute, Chihoko Cullens, Christoph R Englert, Stephen B Mende, Roderick A Heelis, Harald U Frey, Eric J Korpela, Andrew W Stephan, Sabine Frey, Michael H Stevens, Jonathan J Makela, Farzad Kamalabadi, Colin C Triplett, Jeffrey M Forbes, Emma McGinness, L Claire Gasque, John M Harlander, Jean-C Gérard, Benoit Hubert, Joseph D Huba, Robert R Meier, Bryce Roberts
Publication date
2023/8
Source
Space Science Reviews
Volume
219
Issue
5
Pages
41
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Description
The two-year prime mission of the NASA Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) is complete. The baseline operational and scientific objectives have been met and exceeded, as detailed in this report. In October of 2019, ICON was launched into an orbit that provides its instruments the capability to deliver near-continuous measurements of the densest plasma in Earth’s space environment. Through collection of a key set of in-situ and remote sensing measurements that are, by virtue of a detailed mission design, uniquely synergistic, ICON enables completely new investigations of the mechanisms that control the behavior of the ionosphere-thermosphere system under both geomagnetically quiet and active conditions. In a two-year period that included a deep solar minimum, ICON has elucidated a number of remarkable effects in the ionosphere attributable to energetic inputs from the lower and middle atmosphere …
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TJ Immel, SL England, BJ Harding, YJ Wu, A Maute… - Space Science Reviews, 2023