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Cleaner production allowed businesses to visualize the concept of environmental sustainability in practice and to believe in the possibility of producing more with less, besides reducing environmental costs. However, although cleaner production has already been accepted and is increasingly applied, it is not a standard procedure for managing environmental aspects. Thus, the objective of this article is to identify the reasons why Cleaner Production is not widely adopted. For that, a systematic review was conducted, based on the review protocol Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. In total 37 articles were selected and they are distributed between the years of 1994–2014. It was possible to identify what is appointed by the authors as the strengths and weaknesses of regulations, methodologies and tools, related to the Cleaner Production application, as well as the barriers and the …