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This study aimed to understand the major drivers of urban sprawl and its impacts on land use conversion in the peri-urban kebeles of the Dukem town, Central Ethiopia. GIS software was used to create status and location maps of industries out of the GPS data. The results from qualitative data obtained from interviews and focus group discussions showed that more land was used beyond the total size of land allocated initially planned for. Furthermore, urban sprawl has also caused an extensive agricultural land conversion (ALC) that has seriously affected agricultural production. Industrialization, residential expansion and infrastructure development were identified as the leading drivers of ALC that negatively affects the size of cultivated land and food crop production in the hinterlands. In contrast with government policies and community expectations, most converted lands had a very low development status and …