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Increasing CO₂ levels in atmosphere has led to the unprecedented climate change in recent years. Conventional methods for CO₂ capture are often cost inefficient, unsafe and result in secondary pollution in environment. Many microorganisms can assimilate CO₂ as sole carbon source and convert it into valuable products. Recently, the microbial CO₂ fixation techniques have been attracting much attention for reducing greenhouse gases and subsequent production of value-added products. The present review deals with introducing of recent advances and biotechnological importance of microbial CO₂ fixation, as well as conversion into precursors and commodity chemicals. Aspects including microbial CO₂ fixation techniques, microorganisms involving in CO₂ fixation, biosynthesis pathways and role of genetic and metabolic engineering, microbial conversion of CO₂ to various metabolites and high value bio …