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Recently, on social media, various kinds of social engineering (SE) have made individuals more susceptible to attacks. A phishing attempt is a widely used SE technique that takes advantage of people’s vulnerabilities to acquire personal or confidential information. These attempts are growing at an astonishing speed, causing harm to both individuals and corporations. According to the latest studies, certain individuals are more vulnerable to such kinds of attacks than others. However, the relationship between psychological characteristics and phishing attacks has not been adequately investigated. This study empirically explores the connection between phishing vulnerability that causes data biases and the Big Five personality traits. Recognizing personality traits that make people more vulnerable to phishing attempts is a key step in developing protection and safeguarding individuals. The individuals who scored …