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State-of-the-art and emerging scientific applications require fast access to large quantities of data and commensurately fast computational resources. Both resources and data are oflen distributed in a wide-area network with components administered locally and independently. Computations may involve hundreds of processes that must be able to acquire re-sources dynamically and communicate efficiently. This paper analyzes the unique security requirements of large-scale distributed(grid) computing and develops a security policy and a corresponding security architecture. An implementation of the architecture within the Globus metacomputing toolkit is discussed.