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This book analyses and compares responses by European countries to international migration in its various forms and examines collective responses at European Union (EU) level. We assess why, how and with what effects European countries have developed policies that seek to regulate entry to their territory (immigration policies); what it means when they then seek to ‘integrate’these migrant newcomers (immigrant policies); and the causes and effects of common EU migration and asylum policies.

Debates in Europe about migration have been profoundly influenced by the refugee crisis. In 2015, 1,003,124 people were reported by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to have arrived in the EU via Mediterranean maritime routes with 3771 people reported dead or missing (IOM, 2016). Following their arrival in Europe–with the IOM reporting that 845,852 people arrived in Greece in 2015–hundreds of …