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This study aims to investigate how school-based curriculum development (SBCD) was interpreted and implemented in a Chinese context like Hong Kong whose educational system is highly centralized and bureaucratic. Altogether 118 teachers and 34 principals reported their beliefs and practice in SBCD, and four principals were interviewed in individual sessions. The majority of the principals and teachers admitted that they adopted one of the learning packages provided by local publishers. The dichotomies of approaches to SBCD found in Shanghai studies (Yan, S. J., Gao, J., & Jiang, Y. (2004). Theoretical framework of school-base curriculum development (in Chinese). In Shanghai Education Commission (Ed.) Developing kindergarten-based curriculum: Theoretical and practical studies. Shanghai: Shanghai Education Publishing House; Zhu, J. X. (2003). Kindergarten curriculum (in Chinese …