View article

Hybrid governance arrangements may take many forms, and the nature and direction of the development towards smarter hybridity is not yet clear, nor well understood. Hybrid governance arrangements are not necessarily new, but the context, nature and scale of the use of hybridity have evolved over time. This chapter examines the extent to which these arrangements meet the promises of tackling wicked problems in a better and smarter way. It determines whether the hybrid governance arrangements are really smart and hence whether they have indeed mastered the challenge of smart hybridity. The chapter proposes four categories of values to assess the smartness of hybrid governance arrangements: smart hybridity; information and information technologies; legitimacy, equality, rule of law, representation, participation, empowerment and ownership; and sustainability and resilience.