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To develop and pilot test a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to assess the specific factors likely to motivate a given adolescent or young adult with cancer to adhere to medications included in treatment protocols.

A multimethod and iterative approach was used. Twenty adolescents and young adults with cancer participated in DCE pilot testing and refinement. Hierarchical Bayes was used to estimate attribute and attribute-level preference scores for each participant.

The final DCE included nine choice sets composed of four attributes. The resulting DCE was modified with feedback from 20 adolescents and young adults (M[SD] age = 18.66 [2.95]) with cancer. The DCE was understandable and relevant. The factors likely to motivate adolescents and young adults with cancer to be adherent differed across individuals …