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Natural organic matter (NOM) is of significant environmental concern as NOM controls mineral growth and dissolution, trace-metal cycling and mobility of both inorganic and organic pollutants in the environment. A comprehensive study focusing on the mechanisms, kinetics and interactions of phosphates and NOM in the adsorption process with aluminum hydroxide, a major adsorbent in both soils and water treatment systems was conducted as my PhD research work with the following objectives to:(1) investigate the adsorption mechanisms of condensed phosphates and organic phosphates on aluminum hydroxide;(2) study the competitive adsorption between orthophosphate and other phosphates;(3) identify the adsorption mechanisms of NOM on aluminum hydroxide; and (4) evaluate the competitive adsorption between orthophosphate and NOM.