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In this study, the food-grade gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) prepared by genipin cross-linking were applied to stabilize Pickering emulsion. The properties of Pickering emulsion stabilized by different GNPs concentrations (0.3–2.0 wt%) were investigated systematically, including the optical microscopy, droplet size, flocculation index (FI), rheological behavior, water holding capacity (WHC), protein adsorption rate (AP), interface protein content (Γ), interfacial pressure (π) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). The results showed that increasing GNPs concentration could obviously increase the π value of GNPs, thus enhancing GNPs adsorption (AP and Γ) at the oil-water interface and the formation of network structure (CLSM), consequently resulting in a smaller droplet size and FI of the Pickering emulsion. Furthermore, the increase of AP resulted in the increase of apparent viscosity and modulus, and the …