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Invasive aspergillosis is a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised patients. Studies have shown that conidia from Aspergillus fumigatus (AF) induce the release of proinflammatory cytokines from leukocytes and provoke an inflammatory response. Although cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-8 are critical for optimal host defenses, in some patients with invasive aspergillosis such as patients with neutropenia or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, limiting the immune response by decreasing cytokine release could prove beneficial. We have shown that the fluoroquinolone moxifloxacin (MXF) conferred protective anti-inflammatory effects in a murine model of Candida pneumonia in immune suppressed animals (AAC46: 2442, 2002). In the present study, we investigated the effect of MXF on cytokine response and signal transduction mechanisms in human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMN) of healthy …