View article

Figure 1| Simulated response of tree-ring growth to Northern Hemisphere temperature. We used a forward growth model5 to create a pseudoproxy network for climate variations over the past 800 years (a), and show it agrees well with the simulated summer temperatures, even over specific volcanic intervals (b–d) highlighted by Mann et al. 1 The distribution of sites2 (shown by stars in e–g) and the pattern of temperature anomalies13 together determine the reconstruction for those years (e–g). For comparison with Mann et al. 1, the dashed black line shows the CSM1. 4 complete Northern Hemisphere annual mean temperature anomaly. Blue shading indicates uncertainty around the reconstruction based on the reduction of error statistic. See Supplementary Information for additional methods.