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The article focuses on the purposes of physical education. It examines existing assumptions about the relationship of perceived purposes of physical education and students' goals in physical education contexts and in a Western culture other than America. Subjects were Greek students of both sexes (93 males and 118 females). To assess the task and ego orientation in the domain of physical education, the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) was employed. Students were asked to think of when they felt most successful in sport and respond to 13 items. Responses were indicated on a 5-point Likert-type scale. The results were consistent with those of previous studies. They revealed that the promotion of mastery and cooperation as purposes of physical education loaded on the same factor which was positively related to task orientation. In addition, the results showed a positive …