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This paper presents a novel method for ultrasonic range estimation. The method uses a wideband frequency-hop spread spectrum ultrasonic signal to increase robustness to noise and reverberation. The method applies cross-correlation with earliest peak search and a novel minimum variance search technique to correct the error in the cross-correlation time-of-flight estimate to within one wavelength of the carrier before applying a phase-shift technique for subwavelength range refinement. The method can be implemented digitally in software and only requires low-cost hardware for signal transmission and acquisition. Experimental results show an accuracy of better than 0.5 mm in a typical office environment.