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The article presents data on the current state of the environment in the southern Aral Sea region. The level of dust in the southern Aral Sea region is one of the highest in the world. The main atmospheric pollutant in Karakalpakstan, which is active throughout the region, is salt aerosol from the dried bottom of the Aral Sea. The problem of environmental disaster in the Aral Sea basin is a global, and therefore, its solution cannot be delayed. Taking into account the extreme environmental situation in Aral region, it has a negative impact on the natural environment and living conditions of millions of people not only in the Aral Sea basin, but in other regions of our planet as well. Its consequences are still the main factor that destabilizes the environmental situation in the region.

The problems of conservation of the natural environment and biodiversity cannot be solved without fundamental research aimed at identifying patterns and trends of ongoing transformations, as well as the degree of dependence on the factors that cause these changes. The most important of these factors is a sharp reduction in river flow, which caused the drying of the Aral Sea that, in turn, led to the emergence of salt and dust removals and climate changes.