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This study is the first experimental trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a Web-based behavioral intervention when deployed in a model where it partially substituted for standard counseling in a community-based specialty addiction treatment program. New opioid-dependent intakes in methadone maintenance treatment (n = 160) were randomly assigned for 12 months to either: (1) standard treatment or (2) reduced standard treatment plus a Web-based psychosocial intervention, the Therapeutic Education System (TES). Results demonstrated that replacing a portion of standard treatment with TES resulted in significantly greater rates of objectively measured opioid abstinence (48% vs. 37% abstinence across all study weeks; F(1, 158) = 5.90, p < .05 and 59% vs. 43% abstinence on weeks participants provided urine samples for testing; F(1, 158) = 8.81, p < .01). This result was robust and was evident despite how …