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A research on gender in sheep and goat keeping was conducted in Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu to assess gender roles in participation and decision making. Data was collected from the sample size of 233 respondents using a well structured pretested interview schedule. The study revealed that most of the regular activities in sheep and goat keeping were performed by women while the occasional activities by men, although, women participated to a certain extent. Decisions on all the regular activities were taken independently by women. It could be concluded that there existed a definite division of labor among males and females in performing sheep and goat keeping activities and independence in decision making both by men and women with regard to sheep and goat keeping activities.