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Ground-based microwave radiometers (MWRs) are used to provide temperature and relative humidity (RH) profiles mainly at boundary layer with temporal resolution of 1–2 min. However, accuracy of MWR away from radiosondes locations is not satisfactory. In this study, we proposed temperature and RH retrieval models based on fifth-generation reanalysis (ERA5) data that allow the replacement of the original model based on adjacent radiosondes. This study focuses on how to resolve the unrepresentativeness of ERA5 data. A quality control (QC) scheme was proposed after analyzing the characteristics of ERA5 data, which was confirmed to have positive effects for retrieval results. Three retrieval models for MWR at Nanjiao site based on ERA5 data (ERA5-retrieval), co-located radiosondes (RS-retrieval 1), and adjacent radiosondes (RS-retrieval 2) were developed. An extensive validation that was carried out …