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We examined the responses of total and active soil fungal communities to experimental warming, moderate grazing, and their combination. The six years of field experiments were established in a Tibetan alpine meadow. An infrared heating system was used to simulate warming, and the grazing was conducted by a combination of sheep grazing and clipping. Total and active soil fungal community profiles were determined using MiSeq sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) DNA and RNA, respectively. Fungal abundance and rDNA transcriptional activity were analyzed through real-time PCR. The results showed that the warming significantly changed the community structure of soil fungi, particularly the active populations. Specific changes in fungal community profiles under the warming scenario included an increase in the proportion of Dothideomycetes (a potential oligotrophic class) and a decrease in …