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In 3 studies, the author tested 2 competing views of sexual harassment:(a) It is motivated primarily by sexual desire and, therefore, is directed at women who meet feminine ideals, and (b) it is motivated primarily by a desire to punish gender-role deviants and, therefore, is directed at women who violate feminine ideals. Study 1 included male and female college students (N= 175) and showed that women with relatively masculine personalities (eg, assertive, dominant, and independent) experienced the most sexual harassment. Study 2 (N= 134) showed that this effect was not because women with relatively masculine personalities were more likely than others to negatively evaluate potentially harassing scenarios. Study 3 included male and female employees at 5 organizations (N= 238) and showed that women in male-dominated organizations were harassed more than women in female-dominated organizations …