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The origins of artificial intelligence can be traced back to early centuries, even to the times of ancient philosophers, especially if we consider the philosophical aspects of this field of science. Less distant in time is the first half of the 19th century when a professor of the University of Cambridge, Charles Babbage, came up with an idea of the so-called “analytical machine” which could not only perform arithmetic operations of a certain type but was also capable of performing operations according to pre-defined instructions. What played an essential role in that project was a punched card which one hundred years later turned out to be a very important element of communication between man and computer. In 1950 Alan Turing came up with a test, the purpose of which was to check whether a given program is intelligent. Soon afterwards a number of works appeared and research projects were carried out in order to …