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Porous photocatalytic ceramic membranes have been extensively used for separation and purification processes. This study investigates the characterization and performance of porous ceramic membranes coated with TiO₂. The flat sheet membranes were prepared via phase inversion. The membranes were dip-coated in different concentrations of TiO₂ nanoparticle suspensions (0.01, 0.03 and 0.05 wt%) before sintering or after the sintering process. The ceramic membranes coated with 0.03 wt% TiO₂ before sintering at showed excellent morphology with a porous top, dense bottom, and the cross section showed strong adhesion of the penetrated TiO₂-coated layer on the surface and within the pores. This membrane exhibited the lowest surface roughness (0.05 μm) and optimum physical properties, permeation of pure water flux (128.28 L m⁻²h⁻¹), rejection rate (86.06%), better antifouling (highest …