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The Kennet Valley, southern England, shows an unusually high concentration of Terminal Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sites. The close association of archaeological sites with deep contemporary waterlogged sequences enables the artefactual record to be placed within a wider landscape context, using a range of geoarchaeological and environmental archaeological techniques. Threats to this nationally important and finite resource are prevalent, with the valley subject to significant development and aggregate extraction pressure. Funding was provided by English Heritage (now Historic England) to develop a proactive geoarchaeological approach to predicting, identifying, mapping and protecting prehistoric assets and landscapes through the Kennet Valley Mapping Project, with the outcomes incorporated into the local and national planning process. A predictive model was developed to map and locate …