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Container placement (CP) is a nontrivial problem in Container as a Service (CaaS). Many works in the literature solve it by using linear server energy-consumption models. However, the solutions of using a linear model makes different CPs indistinguishable with regard to energy consumption in a homogeneous host environment that has a same amount of active hosts. As such, these solutions are energy inefficient. In this paper, we demonstrate that an energy-saving gain can be achieved by optimizing the placement of containers under a nonlinear energy consumption model. Specifically, we leverage a strategy based on genetic algorithm (GA) to search the optimal solution. Unfortunately, the conventional GA incurs performance degradation when the virtual machine (VM) resource utilization is high. In order to solve this problem, we propose an improved genetic algorithm called IGA for efficiently searching the …