Authors
Mustafa Kamil, Muhammad Naeim Mohamad Asri, WN Desa, Dzulkiflee Ismail
Publication date
2015
Journal
Malaysian Journal of Forensic Sciences
Volume
6
Issue
1
Pages
48-53
Description
Within forensic examinations of questioned documents, characterisation of ballpoint pen ink plays an extremely important role. In this work, inks from eleven (11) unbranded black ballpoint pens collected at an educational fair were subjected to non-destructive, in-situ analysis of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data within the region of 1800-1200 cm-1 were analysed using the chemometrics techniques of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The score plot of the PCA reveals seven clusters (five homogenous and two heterogeneous clusters) while the dendrogram of the HCA reveals six clusters (two homogenous and four heterogeneous clusters) which indicate that the unbranded black ballpoint pen inks may share similar ink formulations which can complicate their identifications.
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