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Objectives To estimate the number of deaths and the cost of deaths attributable to wood heater smoke in the Australian Capital Territory. Study design Rapid health impact assessment, based on fine particulate matter (PM2. 5) data from three outdoor air pollution monitors and published exposure–response functions for natural cause mortality attributed to PM2. 5 exposure. Setting Australian Capital Territory (population, 2021: 454 000), 2016–2018, 2021, and 2022 (2019 and 2020 excluded because of the impact of extreme bushfires on air quality). Main outcome measures Proportion of PM2. 5 exposure attributable to wood heaters; numbers of deaths and associated cost of deaths (based on the value of statistical life: 5.3million)attributabletowoodheatersmoke.ResultsWoodheateremissionscontributedanestimated1.16–1.73μg/m3totheannualmeanPM2.5concentrationduringthethreecolderyears(2017,2018,2021 …