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This chapter conducts a review of proactive work behavior. We consider definitions and different types of proactivity in the first part of our review. We then propose an integrating framework of proactive behavior that includes antecedents, motivational processes, outcomes, and moderators. We discuss how proactive behavior is in part a function of individual attributes but is also influenced, shaped, and constrained by the work context (eg, the degree of job autonomy provided). We conclude by offering future research directions. We focus primarily on individual-level proactivity, although we also briefly discuss research on team and organization-level proactivity.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)