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Currently, there is an intense debate on the potential use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). NSAIDs are among the most widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of pain, fever, and inflammation. Their effects are largely attributed to the inhibition of the enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2. The apparent activity of this class of drugs stems from one critical pathological process underlying AD and other neurodegenerative disorders, i.e., the presence of chronic neuroinflammation. In fact, prolonged use of NSAIDs is associated with reduced risk of AD. Besides COX inhibition, additional mechanisms could contribute to the potential activity of NSAIDs in AD. For example, several studies show that only a few selected NSAIDs also affect β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and metabolism. Among the Aβ-effective NSAIDs, flurbiprofen raised particular interest because of its …