View article

As the most abundant greenhouse gas, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) is considered one of the main attributors to climate change. Atmospheric CO₂ concentrations can be measured by ground-based monitoring networks, mobile monitoring campaigns, and carbon-observing satellites. However, the worldwide ground-based monitoring networks are composed of sparsely distributed sites and are inadequate to represent the spatiotemporal distributions of CO₂. Satellite-based remote sensing features repeated, long-term, and large-scale measurements, so it plays a crucial role in monitoring the global distributions of atmospheric CO₂. However, due to the presence of heavy clouds (or aerosols) and the limitation of satellite orbiting tracks, there exist large amounts of missing data in satellite retrievals. Various methods, including chemical transport models (CTMs), geostatistical methods, and regression-based …