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Developing countries face multiple stresses and shocks that cause significant disruption to critical infrastructures including energy. Climate change is acting as a threat multiplier and countries need to make long-term adaption plans and cope with higher levels of uncertainty. Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals cannot be maintained without developing societies and economies building more resilience into their infrastructural backbone, including in the energy sector. But what does it mean to incorporate greater resilience into a community, and how can resilience be encouraged and developed, in particular at the community level? This chapter explores the responses of communities to these challenges and develops the concept of community energy resilience. Firstly, we examine definitions of resilience and community resilience and how they relate to energy services. Secondly, we discuss …