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In contrast to the fish diversity of the African Great Lakes, in particular cichlid fishes, the ichthyofauna of most river systems in Africa is poorly documented and remains critically understudied. Here we focus on the fish fauna of Northern Zambia, a region that is located between two African Great Lakes and covers the contact zones between three major drainage systems: the Zambezi drainage system, the Congo drainage system, including the Lake Tanganyika catchment and the Lake Rukwa drainage system. Our study contributes to the taxonomic knowledge of this region by providing DNA barcodes (COI) of 315 newly acquired museum voucher specimens representing approximately 125 species, together with distribution details of these species as well as those for which no barcodes have been obtained during this study. The barcoding efforts focused mainly on the fish fauna of the Luangwa River and its …