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Nematode community composition was compared for four farm cropping management systems near Ithaca, Nebraska, USA. Management systems differed in their source of nutrients and pest management, and were designated as manure only (O), mineral fertilizer only (F), mineral fertilizer plus herbicides (HF), and mineral fertilizer, herbicides plus insecticides (HFI). All farming systems were cultivated annually and planted to annual crops either in rotation (O, F, HF systems) or continuous maize (HFI system). Eleven nematode community (plant-parasites and free-living) and four microbial biomass indices were measured in 1993, 18 years after establishment of management practices. Numbers of bacterivores and plant parasites and maturity index (PPI and PPI:MI) values were greater, and MI1-5 values smaller, with manure than mineral fertilizer applications. MI2-5 values decreased with additions of herbicides …