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There are numerous studies on effort estimation in Agile Software Development (ASD) and the state of the art in this area has been recently documented in a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). However, to date there are no studies on the state of the practice in this area, focusing on similar issues to those investigated in the above-mentioned SLR. The aim of this paper is to report on the state of the practice on effort estimation in ASD, focusing on a wide range of aspects such as the estimation techniques and effort predictors used, to name a few. A survey was carried out using as instrument an on-line questionnaire answered by agile practitioners who have experience in effort estimation. Data was collected from 60 agile practitioners from 16 different countries, and the main findings are: 1) Planning poker (63%), analogy (47%) and expert judgment (38%) are frequently practiced …