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Effort estimation is a project management activity that is mandatory for the execution of software projects. Despite its importance, there have been just a few studies published on such activities within the Agile Global Software Development (AGSD) context. Their aggregated results were recently published as part of a secondary study that reported the state of the art on effort estimation in AGSD. This study aims to complement the above-mentioned secondary study by means of an empirical investigation on the state of the practice on effort estimation in AGSD. To do so, a survey was carried out using as instrument an on-line questionnaire and a sample comprising software practitioners experienced in effort estimation within the AGSD context. Results show that the effort estimation techniques used within the AGSD and collocated contexts remained unchanged, with planning poker being the one employed the most …