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The demand for clean and sustainable energy has driven the need for efficient storage. Hydrogen being a carbon–neutral energy carrier, offers a versatile solution. However, reliable large-scale storage is crucial due to renewable energy fluctuations and production challenges. Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in salt caverns has emerged as a favorable option given its numerous benefits, including high withdrawal capacity, low creation cost, and enhanced safety. This review provides a comprehensive examination of UHS in salt caverns. It begins with an overview of the potential of salt caverns for UHS, comparing them to UHS in porous media. Then discusses potential sites and various research initiatives related to UHS in salt caverns. Detailed attention is given to the integrity of salt caverns for UHS, comparing them to porous media, and a brief discussion on the transport mechanisms of hydrogen in salt …