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Circadian rhythms are essential to health. Their disruption is associated with metabolic diseases in experimental animals and man [1–3]. Local metabolic rhythms represent an output of tissue-based circadian clocks [4]. Attempts to define how local metabolism is temporally coordinated have focused on gene expression by defining extensive and divergent "circadian transcriptomes" involving 5%–10% of genes assayed [5–8]. These analyses are inevitably incomplete, not least because metabolic coordination depends ultimately upon temporal regulation of proteins [9, 10]. We therefore conducted a systematic analysis of a mammalian "circadian proteome." Our analysis revealed that up to 20% of soluble proteins assayed in mouse liver are subject to circadian control. Many of these circadian proteins are novel and cluster into discrete phase groups so that the liver's enzymatic profile contrasts dramatically between …