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A range of psychotherapy approaches have been recognized as effective and even the treatment of choice across the range of psychiatric diagnostic categories (eg, see https://www. nice. org. uk/guidance/cg123 or https://www. nice. org. uk/guidance/conditions-and-diseases/mental-health-and-behavioural-conditions). However, in clinical practice, the choice of the most effective psychotherapy for each mental disorder is complicated by the existence of over 400 varieties of psychotherapy approaches that can be defined and classified in several ways according to their theoretical model (ie, behavioral, systemic, cognitive, psychodynamic, etc.), format (ie, individual, family, group), temporal length and frequency of the sessions, as well as any possible combination of these elements (Garfield and Bergin, 1994). Due to their different epistemologies and attempts to create rigid boundaries around the theories, dialog among these models has been limited.

In part to bridge this historical division, a number of leaders in the field have proposed an integrative approach to psychotherapy, which since the 1990s has been gaining wider acceptance (Norcross and Goldfried, 2005). For example, the Society for the Exploration of Psychotherapy Integration (SEPI; http://www. sepiweb. org/) is an international organization with a growing membership that includes some of the world’s leaders in psychotherapy practice and research. More commonly, psychotherapists choose one theoretical model and apply it in a flexible and integrative way in their therapy practice. In recent decades, an increasing number of psychotherapists do not prefer to identify themselves …